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and are used to transmit a message to another socket. may be used only
when the socket is in a state, while and may be used at any time.
The address of the target is given by with specifying its size. The length
of the message is given by If the message is too long to pass atomically
through the underlying protocol, the error is returned, and the message
is not transmitted. No indication of failure to deliver is implicit in
a Locally detected errors are indicated by a return value of -1. If no
messages space is available at the socket to hold the message to be transmitted,
then normally blocks, unless the socket has been placed in non-blocking
I/O mode. The call may be used to determine when it is possible to send
more data. The parameter may include one or more of the following: #define MSG_OOB
0x1 /* process out-of-band data */ #define MSG_DONTROUTE 0x4 /*
bypass routing, use direct interface */ The flag is used to send data
on sockets that support this notion (e.g. the underlying protocol must also
support data. is usually used only by diagnostic or routing programs.
See for a description of the structure.
The call returns
the number of characters sent, or -1 if an error occurred.
and fail
if: An invalid descriptor was specified. The argument is not a socket.
An invalid user space address was specified for a parameter. The socket
requires that message be sent atomically, and the size of the message to
be sent made this impossible. The socket is marked non-blocking and the
requested operation would block. The system was unable to allocate an internal
buffer. The operation may succeed when buffers become available. The output
queue for a network interface was full. This generally indicates that the
interface has stopped sending, but may be caused by transient congestion.
The function call appeared in
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